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为什么所有小企业主都需要个人财务报表
经营一家小企业是令人兴奋的,要求很高,而且往往是财务不确定性的模糊. 而大多数企业家关注的是他们企业的底线,并保持他们的财务报表最新, 他们经常忽略记录个人财务状况. That’s wrong. 每个小企业主都需要创建一个个人财务报表(PFS)。, which serves as a personal balance sheet, documenting your assets, liabilities and net worth.
When do you need a personal financial statement?
许多小企业主可能需要贷款或其他外部融资来发展他们的公司. 这通常需要向贷款人提供大量文件. 但是放款人不仅仅想看你的企业财务状况. 大多数人还需要一份个人财务报表.
如果你决定以个人财产作抵押, 贷款人肯定想知道这些资产的细节. 金融机构可能希望对你的个人财务状况进行财务健康评估,这样他们就可以评估你管理金钱的能力. For instance, 如果你只有很少的资产和大量的未偿债务, 它可能表明你在偿还贷款方面有困难.
你是在考虑收购一家现有企业还是一家特许经营企业? The business owner, 经纪人和/或特许人将要求提供一份PFS,以证明你有经济能力购买该业务或特许经营权.
If you plan to rent a commercial office, retail space, or other types of business space, 房东在批准你的租约之前可能会要求你提供一份个人财务报表.
正如您所看到的,需要PFS的原因有很多. 现在就准备好你的简历(并随时更新)是明智的,这样在需要的时候就可以用了.
个人财务报表是提供许多好处的财务快照.
Beyond simply tracking your assets and liabilities, PFS为企业家提供了几个重要的好处. Creating your PFS is like getting a checkup, 只不过结果是财政健康评估,而不是实物评估.
编制个人财务报表(有时也称为个人财务摘要)的一些好处:
- Securing funding: As we already noted, when seeking loans for business expansion, new equipment or company vehicles, 贷款人依靠你的PFS来评估你的信誉和偿还能力. 一个强大的PFS显著增加你获得有利的贷款条件和利率的机会.
- Understanding your net worth: 你的PFS提供了一个清晰的画面,你的整体财务状况, including your assets (cash, investments, property) and liabilities (debt, loans, mortgages). 看到一个全面的视图可以帮助你做出明智的投资决策, savings goals and risk management.
- Making prudent financial decisions: With a clear understanding of your income, expenses and debt obligations, you can make informed choices about spending, investments and financial planning. 你的PFS使你能够避免冲动的决定,并建立坚实的财务基础.
- Monitoring progress and adapting: 定期回顾你的PFS可以让你跟踪你的财务目标的进展,并确定需要改进的地方. This ongoing review process enables you to pivot, adapt, 并根据你的业务和个人情况的变化调整你的策略.
What's included in a personal financial statement?
典型的PFS分为两个主要部分——资产和负债.
List of assets
- Current Assets include cash, checking and savings accounts, certificates of deposit, short-term investments and accounts receivable.
- Investment Assets 包括股票、债券、共同基金和退休账户(个人退休账户、401(k)账户).
- Fixed Assets include real estate holdings and personal property, such as jewelry, 汽车和其他有重要价值的物品(艺术品收藏), first editions of books, etc.)
List of liabilities
- Current Liabilities 包括信用卡债务、未偿账单和短期贷款.
- Long-term Liabilities 包括抵押贷款、汽车贷款、学生贷款和个人贷款.
在你的个人财务报表中不包括商业资产或负债.
Creating your financial snapshot
你不需要成为一个财务奇才来创建PFS. Here’s how:
- Gather your documents: Collect bank statements, investment account statements, loan documents and receipts for major purchases.
- Choose a format: 你可以使用在线模板、电子表格或纸笔. 选择适合您的最佳格式,并确保将来更新的一致性.
- List your assets: 用当前投资和房地产的市场价值来确定和评估你所有的资产.
- List your liabilities: 包括你所有的债务,注意剩余的余额和利率.
- Calculate your net worth: 从你的资产中减去你的总负债,就得出你的净资产. 虽然这是你个人资产负债表的一部分, 你应该把这个计算作为一个单独的净值表.
- Review and update regularly: Your PFS is not static. 定期更新,最好每季度更新一次,以反映你财务状况的变化.
在创建个人财务报表时,诚实和准确是至关重要的. 这个财富评估是为了你自己的利益,帮助你(和贷款人)做出明智的决定. No one is judging you.
PFS可以帮助你掌握自己的个人财务,并为你提供知识和信心,以应对挑战并收获创业的回报. 健康的事业建立在坚实的个人财务基础之上.
如果浏览财务报表让你感到不知所措, consider consulting with a financial advisor, accountant or SCORE mentor.
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